Therefore holes are majority carriers.
rc = 2.475 = 1.258 kV
s = x2 - ex
x(t) = cos t.
Apply KVL to mesh 2
-2 + Vy + 1 = 0
? Vy = 1
Apply KVL to mesh 1
? -8 + Vx + 2 = 0
? Vx = 6 V
Apply KVL to mesh 3
-1 + Vz -2 = 0
? Vz = 3 V.
Reason (R): The addition of donor impurity creates additional energy levels below conduction band.
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