The synthesis of minimum function was suggested by

Power factor is maximum and equal to 1 for purely resistive load. Power factor is minimum and equal to zero for purely reactive load.

These terms are applicable to all waveshapes.

In parallel resonance current is minimum.

Drift velocity of electrons is very small.

R = 4 ?, L = 1 H, ? = 4 rad/sec, X_L = 4 ?

Since peak values are equal, their rms values are equal irrespective of phase difference.

Unknown resistance is compared with a standard resistance. Therefore standardisation of potentiometer is not necessary.

NBAI = Controlling torque or

= 240 x 10^-6 or I = 2 mA.

Instrument transformers are used to measure high currents and voltages. They also feed the relays for protection.

Since resistances are in the ratio of 10 : 1, capacitances should be in the ratio of 1 : 10 because X_C ? 1/C.