Processes that require or give off heat will be limited to changes of state, known as phase changes, and changes in chemical constitution, or chemical reactions. Changes of state involve a solid melting, a liquid freezing, a liquid boiling or a gas condensing.
An exothermic process is one that gives off heat, which is transferred to the surroundings. An endothermic process is a reaction which heat has to be supplied to the system from the surroundings.
Here in all the given options, heat is taken away from them to change there phase.
Liquid to Solid --- Freezing
Gas to Liquid --- Condensation
Gas to Solid --- Deposition
are all examples of exothermic processes.
Solar radiation instruments may be produced to measure different types of solar energy. When sunlight encounters the Earth's atmosphere, some of it is absorbed or scattered by water vapor, aerosols, clouds, and other air molecules. The radiation which penetrates to the Earth's surface is termed direct solar radiation.
A thermopile pyranometer is a type of actinometer used for measuring solar radiation on a planar surface and it is designed to measure the solar radiation flux density (W/m2) from the hemisphere above within a wavelength range 0.3 ?m to 3 ?m.
Viswanathan Anand continued his excellent run bagging a bronze in the World Blitz Chess Championship following his gold winning performance in the Rapid section.
S-phase (synthesis phase) is the part of the cell cycle in which DNA is replicated, occurring between G1 phase and G2 phase. Precise and accurate DNA replication is necessary to prevent genetic abnormalities which often lead to cell death or disease.
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