Statement: Should school education be made free in India?
Arguments:
Yes. This is the only way to improve the level of literacy.
No. It would add to the already heavy burden on the exchequer.
Options
A. Only argument I is strong
B. Only argument II is strong
C. Either I or II is strong
D. Neither I nor II is strong
E. Both I and II are strong
Correct Answer
Only argument II is strong
Explanation
Making education free for all is not the only means to ensure literacy. An awareness needs to be aroused for this. So, argument I is vague. Also, such a step would require immense funds and lead to financial drain. So, argument II holds.
Statement and Argument problems
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1. Statement: Should there be a ceiling on the salary of top executives of multinationals in our country?
Arguments:
Yes. Otherwise it would lead to unhealthy competition and our own industry would not be able to withstand that.
No. With the accent on liberalization of economy, any such move would be counter-productive. Once the economy picks up, this disparity will be reduced.
In the absence of such a ceiling, the companies would be involved in a mutual competition of salaries, in a bid to attract the most competent professionals. So, argument I holds. Also, the prospects of increase in salary would encourage the officials to perform better in the interest of the company they serve, which would otherwise not be so if a ceiling is imposed. So, argument II also holds strong.
2. Statement: Should income tax be abolished in India?
Arguments:
Yes. It is an unnecessary burden on the wage earners.
Income -tax is levied so that every citizen can contribute a share of his earning towards the infrastructural development of the nation. So, argument I seems to be vague. However, income-tax is no doubt a good source of revenue for the government. Hence, argument II holds strong.
3. Statement: Should family planning be made compulsory in India?
Arguments:
Yes. Looking to the miserable conditions in India, there is no other go.
No. In India there are people of various religions and family planning is against the tenets of some of the religions.
Family planning is an essential step to curb population growth. So, argument I holds strong. Also, family planning being against the tenets of some of the Indian religions, it is not necessary to make it compulsory. Instead, it can be enforced by creating public awareness of the benefits of family planning. So, argument II also holds.
4. Statement: Should there be no place of interview in selection?
Arguments:
Yes, it is very subjective in assessment.
No. It is the only instrument to judge candidates' motives and personality.
Clearly, besides interview, there can be other modes of written examination to judge candidates' motives. So argument II is not strong enough. However, the interview is a subjective assessment without doubt. So, argument I holds.
5. Statement: Should an organization like UNO be dissolved?
Arguments:
Yes. With cold war coming to an end, such organizations have no role to play
No, In the absence of such organizations there may be a world war.
An organization like UNO is meant to maintain peace all over and will always serve to prevent conflicts between countries. So, its role never ends. So, argument I does not hold. Also, lack of such an organization may in future lead to increased mutual conflicts and international wars, on account of lack of a common platform for mutual discussions. So, argument II holds.
6. Statement: Should import duty on all the electronic goods be dispensed with?
Arguments:
No. This will considerably reduce the income of the government and will adversely affect the developmental activities.
No. The local manufacturers will not be able to compete with the foreign manufacturers who are technologically far superior.
Abolishing the import duty on electronic goods shall reduce the costs of imported goods and adversely affect the sale of the domestic products, thus giving a setback to the Indian electronics industry. So, argument II holds strong. Argument I does not provide a convincing reason.
7. Statement: Should children be legally made responsible to take care of their parents during their old age?
Arguments:
Yes. Such matter can only be solved by legal means.
Yes. Only this will bring some relief to poor parents.
Taking care of the parents is a moral duty of the children and cannot be thrust upon them legally, nor such a compulsion can ensure good care of the old people. So, none of the arguments holds strong.
8. Statement: Should there be reservation in Government jobs for candidates from single child family?
Arguments:
No. This is not advisable as the jobs should be offered to only deserving candidates without any reservation for a particular group.
Yes. This will help reduce the growing population in India as the parents will be encouraged to adopt single child norm.
The Government has already made provisions for reservation of jobs for the economically backward sections, which is a must. So, abolishing the practice of reservation altogether has no meaning. Thus, argument I is vague. Also, more reservations would lead to non-recruitment of many more deserving candidates. Besides, such a reservation, if implemented, will cater to the job requirements of only a small section of population and not a major part of it. So, argument II also does not hold strong.
9. Statement: Should higher education be completely stopped for some time?
Clearly, higher education is not the cause of unemployment. In fact, it has created greater job opportunities. So, argument II is vague. Also, higher education promotes the country's development. So, argument I holds.
10. Statement: Should we scrap the 'Public Distribution System' in India?
Arguments:
Yes, Protectionism is over, everyone must get the bread on his/her own.
Yes. The poor do not get any benefit because of corruption.
The Public Distribution System is indeed necessary to provide basic amenities to the economically backward sections of population. So, argument I is vague. Also, if the Objectives of a system are not fulfilled because of corruption, then getting rid of the system is no solution. Instead, efforts should be made to end corruption and extend its benefits to the people for whom it is meant. So, argument II also does not hold,