Clearly, instead of improving upon higher education, increasing the literacy rate should be heeded first. So, argument I holds. Also, more number of universities will produce more degree holders with the number of jobs remaining the same, thus increasing unemployment. So, argument II also holds strong.
2. Statement: Should adult education programme be given priority over compulsory education programme?
Arguments:
No. It will also help in success of compulsory education programme.
Yes. It will help to eliminate the adult illiteracy.
Clearly, argument I gives a reason in support of the statement and so it does not hold strong against it. The adult education programme needs to be given priority because it shall eliminate adult illiteracy and thus help in further spread of education. So, only argument II is strong enough.
3. Statement: Should Doordarshan be given autonomous status?
Arguments:
Yes. It will help Doordarshan to have fair and impartial coverage of all important events.
No. The coverage of events will be decided by a few who may not have healthy outlook.
Clearly, the autonomous status of the Doordarshan will be a step towards giving it independence for an impartial coverage. Autonomous status does not mean that the coverage will be decided by a few. So, only argument I holds.
4. Statement: Is buying things on instalments profitable to the customer?
In buying things on instalments, a customer has to pay more as the interest is also included. So, argument I does not hold. Moreover, one who buys an item on instalments maintains his future budget accordingly as he is well acquainted with when and how much he has to pay, beforehand. So, argument II is also not valid.
5. Statement: Should foreign films be banned in India?
Arguments:
Yes. They depict an alien culture which adversely affects our values.
No. Foreign films are of a high artistic standard.
Clearly, foreign films depict the alien culture but this only helps in learning more. So, argument I does not hold. Also, the reason stated in argument II is not strong enough in contradicting the ban. So, it also does not hold.
6. Statement: Should a total ban be put on trapping wild animals?
Arguments:
Yes. Trappers are making a lot of money;
No. Bans on hunting and trapping are not effective.
Closing down public-sector enterprises will definitely throw the engaged persons out of employment. So, argument I holds. Also, closing down is no solution for a loss-making enterprise. Rather, its causes of failure should be studied, analyzed and the essential reforms implemented. Even if this does not work out, the enterprise may be privatized. So, argument II is vague,
8. Statement: Should government jobs in rural areas have more incentives?
Arguments:
Yes. Incentives are essential for attracting government servants there.
No. Rural areas are already cheaper, healthier and less complex than big cities. So? Why offer extra incentives!
Clearly, government jobs in rural areas are underlined with several difficulties. In lieu of these, extra incentives are needed. So, only argument I holds strong.
9. Statement: Should there be a cap on maximum number of contestants for parliamentary elections in any constituency?
Arguments:
Yes. This will make the parliamentary elections more meaningful as the voters can make a considered judgement for casting their vote.
No. In a democracy any person fulfilling the eligibility criteria can contest parliamentary elections and there should be no restrictions.
Clearly, if there were less candidates, the voters would find it easy to make a choice. So, argument I holds. Also, every person satisfying the conditions laid down by the Constitution must be given an opportunity and should not be denied the same just to cut down the number of candidates. So, argument II also holds strong.
10. Statement: Should so much money be spent on advertisements?
Arguments:
Yes. It is an essential concomitant in a capitalist economy.
Clearly, the advertisements are/the means to introduce people with the product and its advantages. So, argument I holds strong. But argument II is vague because advertisements are an investment for better gain and not a, wastage.