Statements: Every minister is a student. Every student is inexperienced.
Conclusions:
Every minister is inexperienced.
Some inexperienced are students.
Options
A. Only conclusion I follows
B. Only conclusion II follows
C. Either I or II follows
D. Neither I nor II follows
E. Both I and II follow
Correct Answer
Both I and II follow
Explanation
'Every' is equivalent to 'All'. Thus, since both the premises are universal and affirmative, the conclusion must be universal affirmative and should not contain the middle term. So, I follows. II is the converse of the second premise and thus it also holds.
Grapes are to a pear as cheese is to butter. This relationship shows the grouping or category to which something belongs. Grapes and pears are fruit; cheese and butter are both dairy products.
5. Choose the picture that would go in the empty box so that the two bottom pictures are related in the same way as the top two:
A telephone is to a stamped letter as an airplane is to a bus. A telephone and letter are both forms of communication. An airplane and bus are both forms of transportation.
6. Statements: National Aluminium Company has moved India from a position of shortage to self-sufficiency in the metal.
Conclusions:
Previously, India had to import aluminium.
With this speed, it can soon become a foreign exchange earner.
According to the statement, National Aluminium Company has moved India from a position of shortage in the past to self-sufficiency in the present. This means that previously, India had to import aluminium. So, I follows. Also, it can be deduced that if production increases at the same rate, India can export it in future. So, II also follows.
7. Statement: Footpaths of a busy road are crowded with vendors selling cheap items.
Courses of Action:
The help of police should be sought to drive them away.
Some space should be provided to them where they can earn their bread without blocking footpaths.
Crowding on footpaths is a great inconvenience for walkers. So, stern action needs to be taken to remove the vendors. But at the same time these people ought to be provided alternative means of livelihood. So, both the courses follow.
Clearly, the only remedy is to somehow attempt to change the habit. If transferred, the habit will create problem elsewhere. Also, it is no legal complaint to be referred to the Union. So, none of the courses follows.