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- Question
Explain Belady's Anomaly?
- Correct Answer
- Also called FIFO anomaly Usually, on increasing the number of frames allocated to a process virtual memory, the process execution is faster, because fewer page faults occur Sometimes, the reverse happens, ie, the execution time increases even when more frames are allocated to the process This is Belady's Anomaly This is true for certain page reference patterns
- 1. What is the cause of thrashing? How does the system detect thrashing? Once it detects thrashing, what can the system do to eliminate this problem? Discuss
- 2. How many bits are in a MAC address?
Options- A. 64
- B. 48
- C. 32
- D. 16 Discuss
- 3. How long is an IPv4 address?
Options- A. 128 bytes
- B. 32 bits
- C. 32 bytes
- D. 128 bits Discuss
- 4. Which layer 4 protocol is used for a Telnet connection?
Options- A. UDP
- B. IP
- C. TCP
- D. TCP/IP Discuss
- 5. Where is a hub specified in the OSI model?
Options- A. Data link layer
- B. Session layer
- C. Application Layer
- D. Physical layer Discuss
- 6. List out some reasons for process termination. Discuss
- 7. What is page cannibalizing? Discuss
- 8. What are the disadvantages of context switching? Discuss
- 9. What are the stipulations of C2 level security? Discuss
- 10. What resources are used when a thread is created? How do they differ from those when a process is created? Discuss
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Correct Answer: Thrashing is caused by under allocation of the minimum number of pages required by a process, forcing it to continuously page fault The system can detect thrashing by evaluating the level of CPU utilization as compared to the level of multiprogramming It can be eliminated by reducing the level of multiprogramming
Correct Answer: 48
Explanation:
MAC - Media Access Control, address is a globally unique identifier assigned to network devices, and therefore it is often referred to as hardware or physical address.
MAC addresses are 6-byte (48-bits) in length, and are written in MM:MM:MM:SS:SS:SS format.
Correct Answer: 32 bits
Explanation:
Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) which defined an IP address as a 32-bit value
IPv4 is in contrast to IPv6, which defined an IP address as a 128 bits value.
Correct Answer: TCP
Explanation:
Telnet uses TCP at layer 4. It uses IP at layer 3. We know that Telnet uses TCP/IP protocol, but in the question, it is asked specifically at layer 4 what is used in Telnet. So it is TCP at layer4 and IP at layer 3.
Correct Answer: Physical layer
Explanation:
Hubs are specified or operate at Layer1 i.e, the physical layer in the OSI model. Hubs regenerate electrical signals. A hub sends data packets (frames) to all devices on a network, regardless of any MAC addresses contained in the data packet.
Correct Answer: - Normal completion - Time limit exceeded - Memory unavailable - Bounds violation - Protection error - Arithmetic error - Time overrun - I/O failure - Invalid instruction - Privileged instruction - Data misuse - Operator or OS intervention - Parent termination
Correct Answer: Page swapping or page replacements are called page cannibalizing
Correct Answer: Time taken for switching from one process to other is pure over head Because the system does no useful work while switching So one of the solutions is to go for threading when ever possible
Correct Answer: C2 level security provides for: 1Discretionary Access Control 2Identification and Authentication 3Auditing 4Resource reuse
Correct Answer: When a thread is created the threads does not require any new resources to execute the thread shares the resources like memory of the process to which they belong to The benefit of code sharing is that it allows an application to have several different threads of activity all within the same address space Whereas if a new process creation is very heavyweight because it always requires new address space to be created and even if they share the memory then the inter process communication is expensive when compared to the communication between the threads
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