The trajectory of the bullet is a parabola
The centripetal force having been removed the body cannot execute the curved path. (B) is Correct.
This acceleeration denoted by letter g varies from place to place. Unless stated otherwise, it can be taken 9.8 m/ .
Parabola, because when the coin is dropped at a particular point, it has the same velocity as the running train. So, by Newton's first law, it continues its motion horizontally with that velocity. But then, it is also pulled down by earth's gravity continuously. In this situation its horizontal motion gives way to the parabolic motion until it reaches the ground.
The centripetal force having been removed the body cannot execute the curved path
without this centripetal force, circular motion is not possible. It acts radially towards the centre and if this force is removed there will be no circular motion but the revolving body will fly off at a tangent.
It will stop at a height where the weight of the balloon with contents is equal to the weight of air displaced by it, i.e , when the upthrust is equal to the downthrust. The question of bursting will depend on how much difference of pressure inside and outside , the material of the balloon can withstand. It is assumed the balloon is filled with a lighter than air gas like hydrogen or helium.
Part of the heat is conducted away by the metal table. Convection currents in air near the surface of the coffee are set up which accounts for some heat loss. Heat is also lost by radiation from the hot coffee to the surroundings. Most of the heat is lost by the last method.
Both the floor and the carpet have the same temperature as both are exposed to the same atmosphere. But the former conducts away the heat from the feet better than the carpet as the latter is a non-conductor. So the feet losing more heat, the floor appears cooler to the feet.
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