Ionic bonding is the complete transfer of valence electron(s) between atoms. It is a type of chemical bond that generates two oppositely charged ions. In ionic bonds, the metal loses electrons to become a positively charged cation, whereas the nonmetal accepts those electrons to become a negatively charged anion.
Hence, when Ionic bonds are formed metallic atoms tend to lose electrons and become positive ions
A mixture is the blending of two or more dissimilar substances.
Characteristics of a Mixture:
1. It has No formula.
2. It is an impure sustance
3. They can be mixed in any ratio.
4. The properties of the mixture are the properties of its constituents.
5. Constituents can e easily seperated by physical methods.
eg: Heating, Drying, Crystallization, Distillation etc...
6. It is either homogenous or heterogenous.
A major characteristic of mixtures is that the materials do not chemically combine. Mixtures can be divided into those that are evenly distributed (homogeneous) and those that aren't (heterogeneous).
Sodium hydroxide, also known as lye and caustic soda, is an inorganic compound with the formula NaOH. It is a white solid ionic compound consisting of sodium cations Na+ and hydroxide anions OH?.
Properties:
1. It is highly soluble in water, and readily absorbs moisture and carbon dioxide from the air.
2. NaOH is insoluble in ether and other non-polar solvents.
3. It is an odorless compound.
Uses:
Sodium hydroxide is used in many industries: in the manufacture of pulp and paper, textiles, drinking water, soaps and detergents, and as a drain cleaner.
Calculation of molar mass of HNO3:
Atomic masses of H, N, O are 1, 14, 16 respectively
Now the molar mass of HNO3 is
HNO3 = 1X1 + 1X14 + 3X16
= 1 + 14 + 48
= 63 g/mol or amu.
Vinylic group.
Nucleic acid is a polymer among the given options.
You have to consider three things.
1. First, are the bonds polar?
Look at differences in electronegativity and if it is >0.5, bonds are polar.
2. Second, does the molecule have unshared electron pairs?
If so, they generally lead to a polar molecule.
3. Third, is the molecule symmetric?
If so, then although the bonds may be polar, the symmetry cancels out the individual bond polarity and the molecule is non polar.
CF4 follows all the rules above and has a symmetric distribution of charge, making it nonpolar. The others all have asymmetric charge distributions.
Hence, CF4 represents a Non-polar molecule.
CF4 is tetrahedral.
Since the four 'F' atoms have the same electronegativity values, there is no bias in electron distribution toward any one.
Therefore, electron/charge distribution is symmetrical, which also means that the molecule is nonpolar.
Hence, CF4 is nonpolar molecule with a symmetrical distribution of charge.
The process of conversion of milk into curd is called fermentation. It is a chemical change. Milk consists of globular proteins called casein. As the microorganism lactobacillus react with milk and turn it to curd. For it 37 degree temperature is needed. But sometimes when it does not get favourable condition, then other microorganism react and makes the curd taste different.
The gram formula mass is nothing but molar mass.
Composition :
Symbol Element Atomic weight Atoms
P Phosphorus 30.973762 1 = 30.973
O Oxygen 15.9994 4 = 63.998
N Nitrogen 14.0067 3 = 42.020
H Hydrogen 1.00794 12 = 12.096
Total = 30.973+63.998+42.020+12.096 = 149.087
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