All locks are bangles + All bangles are cars = A + A = A
= All locks are cars => Some cars are locks.
Hence conclusion (a) follows.
All keys are locks + All locks are bangles = A + A = A
= All keys are bangles => some bangles are keys.
Hence conclusion (b) follows.
All keys are bangles + All bangles are cars = A + A = A
= All keys are cars => Some cars are keys.
Hence conclusion (C) follows.
Thus all a, b and c follows.
Assumptions:
Assumptions:
Conclusions:
Assumptions:
Conclusions:
Since one premise is particular and the other negative, the conclusion must be particular negative and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that 'Some trains are not jungles'.
No road is jungle. All flowers are jungles.
Since both the premises are universal and one premise is negative, the conclusion must be universal negative and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that 'No flower is road'. IV is the converse of this conclusion and so it holds.
Some trains are roads, No flower is road.
As discussed above, it follows that 'Some trains are not flowers'.
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